Habitat and Ecology
​Stanhopea annulata is a small, typically warm-to-intermediate growing epiphyte native to the Andes, specifically found from Southern Colombia to Ecuador. It inhabits tropical wet and wet montane forests, growing on tree branches and occasionally on steep embankments, at relatively low to mid-altitudes, typically between 100 and 950 metres. This species is often found in sites over water or where constant mist and high humidity prevail, thriving in the well-ventilated canopy layer.
​Description
​This orchid is one of the smaller, compact members of the Stanhopea genus. It forms dense clumps of small, ovate pseudobulbs that are characteristically rugose (wrinkled) and often appear black. Each pseudobulb bears a single, large, pleated leaf. The plant produces a short, pendent inflorescence from the base of the pseudobulb, which grows downwards. The flowers, which bloom in summer or early autumn, are relatively small for the genus, measuring about 4 cm (1.6 inches) across, and are often borne in pairs. The blooms are typically creamy-gold or yellow, and the lip (labellum) is distinctive: it is one of the hornless or "primitive" Stanhopea species. The lip is shiny, stubby, and features a noticeable fleshy ring (annulus) around the hypochile (the base of the lip)—hence the species name annulata. The petals are often folded at a 90-degree angle, giving the flower a bizarre, almost sculptural quality.
​Cultivation
​Like all Stanhopea species, S. annulata must be grown in a hanging basket (lined with moss or coir) to allow the pendent flower spikes to emerge from the bottom. It thrives in bright, filtered light, similar to Cattleya light levels, but must be protected from direct midday sun. Use a very coarse, open, and free-draining epiphytic mix (e.g., coarse bark, charcoal, perlite). The plant should be kept evenly moist during the warm growing season but should dry out rapidly between waterings. High humidity (70%+) and excellent air circulation are necessary to prevent fungal spots on the leaves.
​Optimal Daytime Temperature: 21-27 C (70-81 F)
​Optimal Nighttime Temperature: A cooling period is essential, ideally 15-18 C (59-65 F).
​Feed regularly and heavily during active growth (spring/summer) with a dilute, balanced orchid feed.
​Unique Features
​Stanhopea annulata is a true collector's favourite due to its compact size (miniature for a Stanhopea) and its unusual, hornless flower morphology. The fleshy, ring-shaped structure on the lip is a key feature that distinguishes it. The waxy, creamy-gold, fragrant flowers, combined with the plant's need for a hanging basket, make it a fascinating and unique specimen that offers a great visual reward for its intermediate care requirements.
​Specifications
​Plant Size: 3 + adult pseudobulbs and growing in a hanging basket
​Plant Family: Orchidaceae
​Plant Passport: A Stanhopea annulata B 140084 C [buyer to input the number on the plant label] D GB